김진환, 류석준

암호화폐에 대한 부정적 인식과 투자자 피해가 블록체인 산업 육성의 제약으로 작용함

블록체인 기반 가상자산거래소의 현황과 운영 형태를 분석함

가상자산의 특징과 내재가치 분석을 통해 올바른 투자 가치 판단을 지원하고자 함

블록체인 기술과 산업 육성을 위한 혁신적인 법·제도 개선을 제안함

블록체인 정책연구소·기술연구소와 가상자산연구소 운영을 제안함

블록체인 플랫폼·암호화폐 평가센터와 데이터베이스센터 구축을 제안함

블록체인 특구 부산을 중심으로 전국 블록체인 클러스터 구축을 제안함

분야별 활용사례와 비즈니스 모델 발굴을 제안함

부산 규제자유특구 사업의 연계 발전과 제도적 한계 개선을 제안함

부·울·경 메가시티 통합 광역화폐 운영을 제안함

인공지능·블록체인 융합 전문 인력 양성을 제안함

가상자산거래소 운영과 국가주도 CBDC 발행·운영 참여를 제안함

공공서비스는 정부 주도로 개발하고 민간 영역의 적극적인 서비스 개발을 지원할 것을 제안함

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목차

제1장 연구 개요 ········································································································· 1

1. 연구 배경 ········································································································· 1

2. 연구의 목적과 범위 ·························································································· 9

1) 연구의 목적 ································································································ 9

2) 연구의 범위 ································································································ 9

3) 연구의 주요 내용 ······················································································ 10

제2장 블록체인 기술의 개요 ···················································································· 11

1. 블록체인(Blockchain) 개요 ············································································ 11

1) 정의 ·········································································································· 11

2) 가치와 이념 ······························································································ 12

3) 특징과 형태 ······························································································ 13

4) 주요 기술과 용어 ······················································································ 15

2. 활용 분야 ······································································································· 17

3. 기술발전의 트렌드 ·························································································· 25

4. 미래 전망 ······································································································· 27

제3장 화폐(currency)제도 ······················································································· 29

1. 화폐의 전통적 세 가지 기능과 통화의 조건 ·················································· 29

2. 국가의 통화정책과 금융위기 ··········································································· 30

3. 새로운 대안 마련의 가능성 ············································································ 32

4. CBDC를 통한 금융정책 개혁의 불가피성 ······················································ 32

제4장 가상자산(암호화폐)과 거래소 ········································································· 39

1. 가상자산의 종류와 특징 ················································································· 39

1) 플랫폼 코인 (platform coin) ··································································· 40

2) 유틸리티 토큰 (utility token) ·································································· 40

3) 결제형 토큰 (payment token) ······························································· 40

4) 스테이블 코인 (stable coin) ··································································· 41

5) 프라이버스 코인 (privacy coin) ······························································ 41

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6) 증권형 토큰(security token) ··································································· 41

7) 중앙은행디지털화폐(CBDC : Central Bank Digital Currency) ············ 44

2. 가상자산거래소의 종류와 특징 ······································································· 45

1) 한국 거래소 ······························································································ 46

2) 중국 거래소 ······························································································ 50

3) 미국 거래소 ······························································································ 53

4) 일본 거래소 ······························································································ 56

5) 탈중앙화 거래소(DEX) ·············································································· 58

3. 내재 가치 분석 및 평가기준 ·········································································· 60

1) 한국블록체인학회의 가치평가기준 ··························································· 61

2) 쟁글의 암호화폐 가치평가기준 ·································································· 65

3) 기타 가치평가기준 ···················································································· 67

4. 가상자산 연구 대상 ························································································ 68

1) 암호화폐 선정기준 ·················································································· 68

2) 연구 대상 암호화폐 ·················································································· 73

5. 가상자산 지갑의 종류와 특징 ········································································· 75

1) 콜드월렛 (Cold Wallet) ········································································· 75

2) 핫월렛 (Hot Wallet) ················································································ 75

3) 코인지갑의 다양한 형태 ············································································ 76

6. 향후 발전 전망 ······························································································· 78

제5장 관련 법/제도의 현황과 개선 방안 ································································· 81

1. 국내 법/제도 현황 ·························································································· 81

2. 국제 법/제도 현황 ······················································································· 125

3. 개선 방안 제안 ···························································································· 131

제6장 정책 제언 ···································································································· 136

1. 선행연구 : 부산 혁신도시 중심의 금융산업 블록체인 생태계 구축 방안 136

2. 선행 연구 : 부산 블록체인 규제자유특구 활성화 방안 ······························· 138

3. 선행연구 : 부산 블록체인 클러스터 조성 방안 ········································· 145

4. 보도 자료 : 블록체인 특구 2년차 부산, 규제 대폭 완화돼야 ··················· 148

5. 세부 추진 과제 제안 ·················································································· 150

제7장 결론 ············································································································· 161

1. 신자유주의의 종말 ························································································ 161

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2. 중국의 블록체인 전략 (BSN : Blockchain Service Network) ················ 164

3. 메타버스(Metaverse), 인공지능, 블록체인 시대, 기반 조성은 민주국가의 책무 · 165

4. 결어 ·············································································································· 166

참고문헌 ················································································································· 168

부록 ························································································································ 170

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표 목차

<표 4-1> 블록체인 분석평가 ······················································································· 61

<표 4-2> 토큰구조평가 ································································································ 62

<표 4-3> BM평가 ······································································································· 62

<표 4-4> 조직평가 ········································································································· 63

<표 4-5> 기술평가 ······································································································· 64

<표 4-6> Xangle 시가총액 순 ······················································································ 68

<표 4-7> Xangle 거래량 순 ························································································· 69

<표 4-8> Xangle 신용도 평가 순 ················································································· 70

<표 4-9> 코인마켓캡 시가총액 순 ················································································· 71

<표 4-10> 블록체인어스 10대 암호화폐 순위 ······························································ 72

<표 5-1> 국회의원 가상자산관련 법안 비교분석표 ····················································· 114

<표 5-2> 각 안의 형벌과 과태료 ················································································ 121

<표 5-3> 각 법안에서의 불공정거래의 내용 ······························································· 122

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그림 목차

<그림 2-1> 4차 산업혁명과 블록체인 ··········································································· 12

<그림 2-2> 기반기술 블록체인 ······················································································ 13

<부록 그림 1> 비트코인 1일 시세분석 챠트 (2021년 10월 4일자 기준) ·················· 244

<부록 그림 2> 비트코인 7일 시세분석 챠트 ······························································· 244

<부록 그림 3> 비트코인 1개월 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 245

<부록 그림 4> 비트코인 전체 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 245

<부록 그림 5> 이더리움 1일 시세분석 챠트 (2021년 10월 9일자 기준) ·················· 246

<부록 그림 6> 이더리움 7일 시세분석 챠트 ······························································ 246

<부록 그림 7> 이더리움 1개월 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 247

<부록 그림 8> 이더리움 전체 시세분석 챠트 ······························································ 247