제1장 연구 개요 ········································································································· 1 1. 연구 배경 ········································································································· 1 2. 연구의 목적과 범위 ·························································································· 9 1) 연구의 목적 ································································································ 9 2) 연구의 범위 ································································································ 9 3) 연구의 주요 내용 ······················································································ 10 제2장 블록체인 기술의 개요 ···················································································· 11 1. 블록체인(Blockchain) 개요 ············································································ 11 1) 정의 ·········································································································· 11 2) 가치와 이념 ······························································································ 12 3) 특징과 형태 ······························································································ 13 4) 주요 기술과 용어 ······················································································ 15 2. 활용 분야 ······································································································· 17 3. 기술발전의 트렌드 ·························································································· 25 4. 미래 전망 ······································································································· 27 제3장 화폐(currency)제도 ······················································································· 29 1. 화폐의 전통적 세 가지 기능과 통화의 조건 ·················································· 29 2. 국가의 통화정책과 금융위기 ··········································································· 30 3. 새로운 대안 마련의 가능성 ············································································ 32 4. CBDC를 통한 금융정책 개혁의 불가피성 ······················································ 32 제4장 가상자산(암호화폐)과 거래소 ········································································· 39 1. 가상자산의 종류와 특징 ················································································· 39 1) 플랫폼 코인 (platform coin) ··································································· 40 2) 유틸리티 토큰 (utility token) ·································································· 40 3) 결제형 토큰 (payment token) ······························································· 40 4) 스테이블 코인 (stable coin) ··································································· 41 5) 프라이버스 코인 (privacy coin) ······························································ 41 6) 증권형 토큰(security token) ··································································· 41 7) 중앙은행디지털화폐(CBDC : Central Bank Digital Currency) ············ 44 2. 가상자산거래소의 종류와 특징 ······································································· 45 1) 한국 거래소 ······························································································ 46 2) 중국 거래소 ······························································································ 50 3) 미국 거래소 ······························································································ 53 4) 일본 거래소 ······························································································ 56 5) 탈중앙화 거래소(DEX) ·············································································· 58 3. 내재 가치 분석 및 평가기준 ·········································································· 60 1) 한국블록체인학회의 가치평가기준 ··························································· 61 2) 쟁글의 암호화폐 가치평가기준 ·································································· 65 3) 기타 가치평가기준 ···················································································· 67 4. 가상자산 연구 대상 ························································································ 68 1) 암호화폐 선정기준 ·················································································· 68 2) 연구 대상 암호화폐 ·················································································· 73 5. 가상자산 지갑의 종류와 특징 ········································································· 75 1) 콜드월렛 (Cold Wallet) ········································································· 75 2) 핫월렛 (Hot Wallet) ················································································ 75 3) 코인지갑의 다양한 형태 ············································································ 76 6. 향후 발전 전망 ······························································································· 78 제5장 관련 법/제도의 현황과 개선 방안 ································································· 81 1. 국내 법/제도 현황 ·························································································· 81 2. 국제 법/제도 현황 ······················································································· 125 3. 개선 방안 제안 ···························································································· 131 제6장 정책 제언 ···································································································· 136 1. 선행연구 : 부산 혁신도시 중심의 금융산업 블록체인 생태계 구축 방안 136 2. 선행 연구 : 부산 블록체인 규제자유특구 활성화 방안 ······························· 138 3. 선행연구 : 부산 블록체인 클러스터 조성 방안 ········································· 145 4. 보도 자료 : 블록체인 특구 2년차 부산, 규제 대폭 완화돼야 ··················· 148 5. 세부 추진 과제 제안 ·················································································· 150 제7장 결론 ············································································································· 161 1. 신자유주의의 종말 ························································································ 161 2. 중국의 블록체인 전략 (BSN : Blockchain Service Network) ················ 164 3. 메타버스(Metaverse), 인공지능, 블록체인 시대, 기반 조성은 민주국가의 책무 · 165 4. 결어 ·············································································································· 166 참고문헌 ················································································································· 168 부록 ························································································································ 170

<표 4-1> 블록체인 분석평가 ······················································································· 61 <표 4-2> 토큰구조평가 ································································································ 62 <표 4-3> BM평가 ······································································································· 62 <표 4-4> 조직평가 ········································································································· 63 <표 4-5> 기술평가 ······································································································· 64 <표 4-6> Xangle 시가총액 순 ······················································································ 68 <표 4-7> Xangle 거래량 순 ························································································· 69 <표 4-8> Xangle 신용도 평가 순 ················································································· 70 <표 4-9> 코인마켓캡 시가총액 순 ················································································· 71 <표 4-10> 블록체인어스 10대 암호화폐 순위 ······························································ 72 <표 5-1> 국회의원 가상자산관련 법안 비교분석표 ····················································· 114 <표 5-2> 각 안의 형벌과 과태료 ················································································ 121 <표 5-3> 각 법안에서의 불공정거래의 내용 ······························································· 122

<그림 2-1> 4차 산업혁명과 블록체인 ··········································································· 12 <그림 2-2> 기반기술 블록체인 ······················································································ 13 <부록 그림 1> 비트코인 1일 시세분석 챠트 (2021년 10월 4일자 기준) ·················· 244 <부록 그림 2> 비트코인 7일 시세분석 챠트 ······························································· 244 <부록 그림 3> 비트코인 1개월 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 245 <부록 그림 4> 비트코인 전체 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 245 <부록 그림 5> 이더리움 1일 시세분석 챠트 (2021년 10월 9일자 기준) ·················· 246 <부록 그림 6> 이더리움 7일 시세분석 챠트 ······························································ 246 <부록 그림 7> 이더리움 1개월 시세분석 챠트 ···························································· 247 <부록 그림 8> 이더리움 전체 시세분석 챠트 ······························································ 247