제1장 서 론 ··············································································· 1
1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ··························································· 1
2. 연구내용 및 연구방법 ·························································· 2
1) 주요 연구내용 ································································ 2
2) 연구방법 ·········································································· 3
제2장 최저임금제와 생활임금제의 역할 ····························· 5
1. 생활임금제의 개념 및 역할 ················································ 5
1) 생활임금제의 개념 ························································· 5
2) 생활임금제의 역할 ························································· 6
2. 최저임금제와 생활임금제의 차이점 ··································· 7
1) 최저임금제 ······································································ 7
2) 최저임금제와 생활임금제 비교 ·································· 13
제3장 생활임금제 도입 현황 및 영향 ································ 15
1. 생활임금제 도입 현황 ······················································· 15
2. 생활임금제 도입의 영향 ···················································· 18
1) 긍정적인 영향 ······························································ 18
2) 부정적인 영향 ······························································ 20
제4장 생활임금제 도입 사례 및 시사점 ··························· 25
1. 미국 ······················································································ 25
2. 영국 ······················································································ 30
3. 서울시 ·················································································· 36
4. 정책적 시사점 ····································································· 40
제5장 부산지역 생활임금제 도입에 관한 정책제언 ········ 43
1. 부산지역 생활임금제 적용대상 선정 ······························· 43
1) 최저임금보다 임금이 낮은 근로자 ···························· 44
2) 최저생계비보다 임금이 낮은 근로자 ························ 53
3) 정책제언 ········································································ 62
2. 부산지역 생활임금 산정 ···················································· 65
1) 최저생계비 보장 생활임금 산정 ································ 66
2) 소비지출 보장 생활임금 산정 ···································· 69
3) 정책제언 ········································································ 72
3. 소요예산 추정 ····································································· 74
1) 최저임금 이하 근로자 대상 최저생계비 보장 ········· 74
2) 최저임금 이하 근로자 대상 소비지출 보장 ············· 76
3) 정책제언 ········································································ 78
Abstract ···················································································· 80
참고문헌 ·················································································· 82
<표 Ⅱ-1> 최저임금 변화 추이 ························································ 8
<표 Ⅱ-2> 최저임금 적용업종 및 적용대상 ··································· 10
<표 Ⅱ-3> 주요 국가의 최저임금제(2012년 기준) ························· 12
<표 Ⅱ-4> 생활임금과 최저임금 비교 ············································ 14
<표 Ⅲ-1> 생활임금제 도입 현황(2015년 4월) ······························ 17
<표 Ⅲ-2> 생활임금의 긍정적・부정적 영향 ································· 22
<표 Ⅳ-1> 미국 주별 생활임금(2015년 1월) ································· 26
<표 Ⅳ-2> 미국 뉴욕의 생활임금 사례 ·········································· 28
<표 Ⅳ-3> 영국의 생활임금 추이 ··················································· 31
<표 Ⅳ-4> 2014년 런던의 시간당 생활임금 산정방식 ·················· 33
<표 Ⅳ-5> 2016년 영국의 최저임금액 ··········································· 36
<표 Ⅳ-6> 2015년 서울시・노원구・성북구 생활임금 산정 ········ 37
<표 Ⅳ-7> 서울시 생활임금제 사례(2015년) ·································· 39
<표 Ⅴ-1> 최저임금 변화 추이 ······················································ 45
<표 Ⅴ-2> 부산지역 최저임금 미만 근로자 수 ······························ 46
<표 Ⅴ-3> 전국의 최저임금 미만 근로자 수 ································· 47
<표 Ⅴ-4> 부산 및 전국의 연령별 최저임금 미만 근로자 ············ 48
<표 Ⅴ-5> 부산 및 전국의 성별 최저임금 미만 근로자 ················ 49
<표 Ⅴ-6> 부산 및 전국의 학력별 최저임금 미만 근로자 ············ 50
<표 Ⅴ-7> 부산지역 최저임금 미만 근로자의 업종별 현황 ·········· 51
<표 Ⅴ-8> 전국 최저임금 미만 근로자의 업종별 현황 ················· 52
<표 Ⅴ-9> 최저생계비 변화 추이(4인 가구 기준) ························· 53
<표 Ⅴ-10> 부산지역 가구원 수 추이 ··········································· 54
<표 Ⅴ-11> 가구원수 기준 최저생계비 ·········································· 55
<표 Ⅴ-12> 부산지역 최저생계비 미만 임금근로자 수 ················· 56
<표 Ⅴ-13> 전국의 최저생계비 미만 임금 근로자 수 ··················· 57
<표 Ⅴ-14> 부산 및 전국의 연령별 최저생계비 미만 근로자 수······ 58
<표 Ⅴ-15> 부산 및 전국의 성별 최저생계비 미만 근로자 수········ 59
<표 Ⅴ-16> 부산 및 전국의 학력별 최저생계비 미만 근로자 수········ 59
<표 Ⅴ-17> 부산지역 산업별 최저생계비 미만 임금 근로자 수········ 60
<표 Ⅴ-18> 전국의 산업별 최저생계비 미만 근로자 ····················· 61
<표 Ⅴ-19> 지역별 생활임금제 적용 대상(2015년 4월) ················ 63
<표 Ⅴ-20> 최저생계비 항목(2014년) ············································ 67
<표 Ⅴ-21> 최저임금에 산입하지 않는 임금의 범위 ····················· 68
<표 Ⅴ-22> 2014년 가계지출과 최저생계비 항목 비교 ················ 71
<표 Ⅴ-23> 가계동향조사 소비지출 항목 ······································ 71
<그림 Ⅳ-1> 영국의 시간당 임금 분포(1997년과 2014년) ············ 34
<그림 Ⅳ-2> 상용직 중위임금 2/3 이하 임금근로자 비중 ············ 35
<그림 Ⅴ-1> 부산지역 최저임금 미만 근로자 분포 ······················· 46
<그림 Ⅴ-2> 전국의 최저임금 미만 근로자 분포 ·························· 47
<그림 Ⅴ-3> 부산지역 최저생계비 미만 임금근로자 분포 ············ 56
<그림 Ⅴ-4> 전국의 최저생계비 미만 임금근로자 분포 ················ 57