제1장 연구의 개요················································································ 1
1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ·················································································· 1
2. 연구범위 및 방법 ······················································································· 2
1) 연구범위 ································································································· 2
2) 연구방법 ································································································· 2
3. 연구의 주요 내용 및 구성 ········································································ 3
4. 본 연구의 용어 정리 및 산업 분류 ························································· 4
5. 선행연구 고찰 및 본 연구의 한계 ··························································· 6
1) 선행연구 고찰 ······················································································· 6
2) 본 연구의 한계 ····················································································· 7
제2장 4차 산업혁명 개요 및 국내외 육성 동향···························· 8
1. 4차 산업혁명의 개념 및 의의 ·································································· 8
1) 4차 산업혁명의 개념 및 특징 ···························································· 8
2) 4차 산업혁명의 핵심기술 동향 ························································ 11
3) 4차 산업혁명으로 인한 경제구조의 변화 전망 ······························ 14
2. 4차 산업혁명 관련 국내 육성 정책 동향 ············································· 16
1) 정부‧국회 ····························································································· 16
2) 지자체 ·································································································· 25
3. 4차 산업혁명 관련 해외 육성 정책 동향 ············································· 48
1) 미국 ······································································································ 49
2) 일본 ······································································································ 51
3) 독일 ······································································································ 55
4) 중국 ······································································································ 58
5) 광역권 사례 : 일본 규슈지역 4차 산업혁명 실증랩 ····················· 60
6) 도시사례 : 싱가포르 Smart Nation ··············································· 77
7) 도시사례 : 스페인 빌바오 AS-FABRIK 프로젝트 ························· 79
4. 정책적 시사점 ··························································································· 83
제3장 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 현황 분석···················· 86
1. 부산지역 경제구조의 변화 추이 ····························································· 86
2. 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 사업체수 및 종사자수 현황 ······················· 87
1) 자율주행차 ··························································································· 87
2) 로봇 ······································································································ 91
3) 인공지능 ······························································································· 94
4) 빅데이터 ······························································································· 97
5) 사물인터넷 ························································································· 101
6) 모바일 ································································································ 104
7) 가상현실 ···························································································· 107
8) 블록체인 ···························································································· 111
9) 핀테크 ································································································ 114
10) 드론 ·································································································· 117
11) 3D 프린팅 ······················································································· 121
12) 4차 산업혁명 모태산업(종합) ······················································· 124
3. 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 특화도 분석 ··············································· 131
1) 자율주행차 ························································································· 131
2) 로봇 ···································································································· 132
3) 인공지능 ···························································································· 133
4) 빅데이터 ···························································································· 135
5) 사물인터넷 ························································································· 136
6) 모바일 ································································································ 137
7) 가상현실 ···························································································· 139
8) 블록체인 ···························································································· 140
9) 핀테크 ································································································ 141
10) 드론 ·································································································· 143
11) 3D 프린팅 ······················································································· 144
12) 4차 산업혁명 모태산업(종합) ······················································· 145
4. 정책적 시사점 ························································································· 151
제4장 4차 산업혁명의 대응 실태 및 생태계 진단····················· 152
1. 설문조사 개요 ························································································· 152
1) 조사목적 ···························································································· 152
2) 조사설계 ···························································································· 152
3) 응답자 현황 ······················································································· 153
2. 4차 산업혁명의 인식 및 일자리 전망 ················································· 157
1) 4차 산업혁명의 인식 여부 ······························································ 157
2) 4차 산업혁명이 지역기업에 미칠 영향 ········································· 158
3) 인력 수요 전망 ················································································· 159
3. 4차 산업혁명의 영향 및 대응 실태 ··················································· 161
1) 4차 산업혁명이 본격적인 영향을 미칠 예상 시기 ······················ 161
2) 4차 산업혁명에 대비하여 응답사의 전반적인 준비도 ················· 162
3) 4차 산업혁명에 대비하여 응답사가 준비 중인 대책(다중응답) ··· 163
4) 4차 산업혁명에 대비하는 중 애로 사항(다중응답) ······················ 165
4. 4차 산업혁명 업종별 경쟁력 수준과 중요도 및 시급도 평가 ········· 166
5. 4차 산업혁명 전‧후 산업생태계 경쟁력 요인 변화 전망 ················· 169
1) 기업간 관계 ······················································································· 169
2) 시장 여건 ·························································································· 170
3) 혁신 여건 ·························································································· 171
4) 입지 여건 ·························································································· 172
5) 제도 및 문화 여건 ··········································································· 173
6. 4차 산업혁명 전·후 산업생태계 전반에 대한 건강성 진단 ·············· 175
1) 수익성 진단 ······················································································· 175
2) 생존성 진단 ······················································································· 175
3) 창조성 진단 ······················································································· 176
4) 산업생태계 건강성 진단(종합) ························································ 177
7. 4차 산업혁명 시대의 건강한 산업생태계 조성을 위한 정책수요 ··· 178
1) 부산지역 산업생태계의 전반적인 발달 수준 ································ 178
2) 산업생태계 경쟁력 5대 요인별 전반적인 중요도와 만족도 평가 ··· 179
3) 산업 생태계의 경쟁력 강화에 필요한 정부 및 지자체 지원정책 ··· 180
8. 정책적 시사점 ························································································· 181
제5장 4차 산업혁명에 대비한 부산 산업의 그랜드 디자인····· 184
1. 4차 산업혁명 대응 정책 수립 기본 방향 ··········································· 184
1) 정책 비전의 수립 ············································································· 184
2) 컨트롤타워 기능 확보 및 거버넌스체제 구축 ······························ 185
3) 혁신소기업(벤처기업)에 대한 지원 강화 ······································· 185
4) 글로벌 시장 진출 지원 확대 ·························································· 186
5) 개방-협력-공유기반의 혁신 환경 조성 ········································· 187
6) 도시 산업인프라 및 지식서비스의 육성 강화 ······························ 188
7) 4차 산업혁명관련 연구개발투자 강화 ··········································· 189
8) 전문인력의 양성 강화 ······································································ 189
2. 4차 산업혁명 대비 부문별 정책 기본 구상 ······································· 190
1) 제조업 구조고도화 전략 ·································································· 190
2) 서비스업 육성 전략 ········································································· 197
3) 신산업 육성 전략 ············································································· 207
4) 4차 산업혁명 관련 신산업과 지역산업과의 연계방안 ················· 211
Abstract······························································································ 223
참고문헌···························································································· 226
부록···································································································· 234
<부록 1> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업 분류(통계청 통계개발원) ················· 234
<부록 2> 스웨덴 말뫼의 대변혁 : 말뫼의 눈물에서 말뫼의 터닝으로 ··· 236
<부록 3> 설문지 ························································································· 240
<표 Ⅰ-1> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 세부 분류 ······························· 4
<표 Ⅰ-2> 4차산업혁명 관련 지역차원의 선행연구 ······································ 6
<표 Ⅱ-1> 연결성으로 살펴본 산업혁명의 발전과정 ··································· 11
<표 Ⅱ-2> 4차 산업혁명관련 국정과제 현황(기술, 산업분야) ··················· 16
<표 Ⅱ-3> 4차 산업혁명관련 5대 영역 R&D 투자계획 ······························ 17
<표 Ⅱ-4> 4차 산업혁명관련 정부 부처별 예산 추정 결과 ······················· 18
<표 Ⅱ-5> 4차 산업혁명 대응계획의 주요 과제별 참여 부처 현황 ·········· 19
<표 Ⅱ-6> 4차산업혁명위원회 안건 현황 ····················································· 21
<표 Ⅱ-7> 4차 산업혁명 관련 주요 법률안(제20대 국회, 2018.10까지) ··· 22
<표 Ⅱ-8> 국회 4차 산업혁명 특별위원회 정책 및 입법권고 주제별 건수 ··· 24
<표 Ⅱ-9> 지자체별 4차 산업혁명관련 사업 추진 동향 ····························· 26
<표 Ⅱ-10> 서울시 테스트베드관련 지원사업 지원계획(안) ······················· 27
<표 Ⅱ-11> 서울 혁신성장펀드 분야별 조성 계획(안) ································ 28
<표 Ⅱ-12> 경기도 4차 산업혁명 관련 추진사업 현황(2017년) ··············· 29
<표 Ⅱ-13> 인천광역시 4차 산업혁명 관련 정책 현황(’19~’23) ··············· 32
<표 Ⅱ-14> 대구광역시 4차 산업혁명 관련 주요 사업 ······························ 34
<표 Ⅱ-15> 제주지역 미래유망산업별 세부과제 예산안 ····························· 39
<표 Ⅱ-16> 울산의 4차 산업혁명 관련 사업 투자계획 ······························ 41
<표 Ⅱ-17> 울산시 4차 산업혁명관련 4대 분야, 12개 핵심전략 ············· 42
<표 Ⅱ-18> 2019년 부산광역시 정보화 시행계획 추진사업 현황 ············ 43
<표 Ⅱ-19> 2019년 부산광역시 정보화 시행계획 분야별 추진사업 현황 ··· 44
<표 Ⅱ-20> 2017년 제조업혁신을 위한 부산시의 정책 ····························· 45
<표 Ⅱ-21> 최근 부산시의 제조업 육성을 위한 추진 정책 현황 ············· 46
<표 Ⅱ-22> 미국 제조업의 경쟁력 강화방안 주요 내용 ····························· 50
<표 Ⅱ-23> 인더스트리 4.0(독일) 협력 전략 ··············································· 56
<표 Ⅱ-24> 중국정부의 창업지원 주요 정책 ················································ 59
<표 Ⅱ-25> 디지털 제조·경영 강좌의 메뉴 및 개요 ··································· 70
<표 Ⅱ-26> CPS 솔루션 연습 강좌의 메뉴 및 개요 ·································· 71
<표 Ⅱ-27> 규슈지역의 지자체별 실증 랩 추진 사항 ································ 75
<표 Ⅱ-28> 스마트 네이션 5대 전략 프로젝트 주요 내용 ························· 78
<표 Ⅲ-1> 부산지역 업종별 명목 GRDP 추이 ············································· 86
<표 Ⅲ-2> 자율주행차 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·············· 88
<표 Ⅲ-3> 자율주행차 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ·············· 89
<표 Ⅲ-4> 자율주행차 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ·················· 90
<표 Ⅲ-5> 로봇 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·························· 91
<표 Ⅲ-6> 로봇 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ························· 92
<표 Ⅲ-7> 로봇 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ······························ 93
<표 Ⅲ-8> 인공지능 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·················· 94
<표 Ⅲ-9> 인공지능 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ·················· 96
<표 Ⅲ-10> 인공지능 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ···················· 97
<표 Ⅲ-11> 빅데이터 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ················ 97
<표 Ⅲ-12> 빅데이터 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ················ 99
<표 Ⅲ-13> 빅데이터 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ·················· 100
<표 Ⅲ-14> 사물인터넷 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·········· 101
<표 Ⅲ-15> 사물인터넷 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ·········· 102
<표 Ⅲ-16> 사물인터넷 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ·············· 103
<표 Ⅲ-17> 모바일 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·················· 104
<표 Ⅲ-18> 모바일 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ················· 105
<표 Ⅲ-19> 모바일 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ····················· 106
<표 Ⅲ-20> 가상현실 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·············· 108
<표 Ⅲ-21> 가상현실 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ·············· 109
<표 Ⅲ-22> 가상현실 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ·················· 110
<표 Ⅲ-23> 블록체인 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·············· 111
<표 Ⅲ-24> 블록체인 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ·············· 112
<표 Ⅲ-25> 블록체인 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ·················· 113
<표 Ⅲ-26> 핀테크 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ·················· 114
<표 Ⅲ-27> 핀테크 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ················· 116
<표 Ⅲ-28> 핀테크 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ····················· 117
<표 Ⅲ-29> 드론 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ····················· 118
<표 Ⅲ-30> 드론 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ····················· 119
<표 Ⅲ-31> 드론 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ························· 120
<표 Ⅲ-32> 3D 프린팅 관련 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ··········· 121
<표 Ⅲ-33> 3D 프린팅 관련 사업체, 종사자수 4차산업 내 비중 ··········· 122
<표 Ⅲ-34> 3D 프린팅 관련 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ··············· 123
<표 Ⅲ-35> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업 사업체, 종사자수 및 전국 내 비중 ··· 124
<표 Ⅲ-36> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업 사업체, 종사자수 전산업 내 비중 ··· 126
<표 Ⅲ-37> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업 사업체, 종사자수 연평균 성장률 ··· 127
<표 Ⅲ-38> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 사업체수(2016) ··············· 128
<표 Ⅲ-39> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 종사자수(2016) ··············· 130
<표 Ⅲ-40> 자율주행차 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ··························· 131
<표 Ⅲ-41> 로봇 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······································ 132
<표 Ⅲ-42> 인공지능 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······························· 134
<표 Ⅲ-43> 빅데이터 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······························· 135
<표 Ⅲ-44> 사물인터넷 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ··························· 136
<표 Ⅲ-45> 모바일 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ··································· 138
<표 Ⅲ-46> 가상현실 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······························· 139
<표 Ⅲ-47> 블록체인 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······························· 140
<표 Ⅲ-48> 핀테크 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ··································· 142
<표 Ⅲ-49> 드론 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ······································ 143
<표 Ⅲ-50> 3D 프린팅 관련 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ···························· 144
<표 Ⅲ-51> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 사업체, 종사자수 특화도 ············ 146
<표 Ⅲ-52> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 LQ지수(2016, 사업체수 기준) ··· 149
<표 Ⅲ-53> 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 LQ지수(2016, 종사자수 기준) ··· 150
<표 Ⅳ-1> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 수출경험 ········································ 153
<표 Ⅳ-2> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 자체기술연구소 ···························· 154
<표 Ⅳ-3> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 회사형태 ········································ 154
<표 Ⅳ-4> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 업종 ··············································· 155
<표 Ⅳ-5> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 매출액 ··········································· 155
<표 Ⅳ-6> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 종업원수 ········································ 156
<표 Ⅳ-7> 응답자 특성별 - 사업체의 건물 소유 형태 ···························· 157
<표 Ⅳ-8> 응답자 특성별 - 4차 산업혁명에 대한 인식 여부 ················· 158
<표 Ⅳ-9> 향후 4차 산업혁명이 응답사에 미칠 영향 여부 ····················· 159
<표 Ⅳ-10> 4차 산업혁명으로 인한 응답사의 전반적인 인력 수요 전망 ··· 160
<표 Ⅳ-11> 응답자 특성별 - 4차 산업혁명이 본격 영향을 미칠 예상 시기····· 162
<표 Ⅳ-12> 응답자 특성별 - 4차 산업혁명의 전반적인 준비도 ············· 163
<표 Ⅳ-13> 응답자 특성별 - 4차 산업혁명 대비 준비 중인 대책(다중응답 종합) ···· 164
<표 Ⅳ-14> 응답자 특성별 - 4차 산업혁명 대비시 애로 사항(다중응답 종합) ···· 165
<표 Ⅳ-15> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 업종별 경쟁력 수준 평가 ··· 166
<표 Ⅳ-16> 4차 산업혁명의 핵심기술들의 [중요도] 및 도입 [시급도] 평가 ··· 167
<표 Ⅳ-17> 산업 생태계의 경쟁력 강화에 필요한 정부/지자체 지원정책 ··· 181
<표 Ⅴ-1> 부산지역 제조업 및 ICT산업 현황 ··········································· 191
<표 Ⅴ-2> 세계 주요국 경제전망 ································································· 195
<그림 Ⅰ-1> 연구구성도 ···················································································· 3
<그림 Ⅱ-1> 1~4차 산업혁명의 특성 비교 ····················································· 9
<그림 Ⅱ-2> 2017~2019년 가트너 전략기술 트렌드 주요 키워드 ··········· 12
<그림 Ⅱ-3> 한국과학기술기획평가원 선정 4차 산업혁명관련 10대 유망기술···· 13
<그림 Ⅱ-4> 4차 산업혁명 기술의 특징 ······················································· 14
<그림 Ⅱ-5> 4차 산업혁명 대응계획의 비전 및 4대 추진전략 ················· 19
<그림 Ⅱ-6> 상암 자율주행 테스트베드 주요 인프라 예시도 ··················· 28
<그림 Ⅱ-7> 인천광역시 4차 산업혁명 비전 및 추진 전략 ······················· 31
<그림 Ⅱ-8> 4차 산업혁명특별시 대전 목표, 전략 및 과제 ······················ 33
<그림 Ⅱ-9> 대구시 창업전주기 지원 플랫폼 ············································ 35
<그림 Ⅱ-10> 대구시 창업전주기 지원 플랫폼 ·········································· 36
<그림 Ⅱ-11> 4대 추진전략별 주요 사업 개요 ··········································· 36
<그림 Ⅱ-12> 제주 미래유망산업 육성을 위한 기본 구상(안) ··················· 37
<그림 Ⅱ-13> 4대 전략별 미래유망산업 ······················································· 38
<그림 Ⅱ-14> 울산 그랜드 디자인의 파워시티 4대 전략 및 10대 과제 ···· 41
<그림 Ⅱ-15> 제5차 부산광역시 정보화 기본계획 비전-목표-과제 ········· 44
<그림 Ⅱ-16> 4차산업 관련 해외 육성 동향 ··············································· 49
<그림 Ⅱ-17> 산업경쟁력회의 4차 산업혁명 로드맵 ·································· 51
<그림 Ⅱ-18> 일본의 로봇혁명이니셔티브협의회 구성 ······························· 52
<그림 Ⅱ-19> 인공지능기술전략회의 체계 ··················································· 53
<그림 Ⅱ-20> 과학기술기본계획(5기) 목표 ··················································· 54
<그림 Ⅱ-21> 독일 플랫폼 인더스트리 4.0의 구성원과 연구회 진행과정 ···· 56
<그림 Ⅱ-22> 일본이 분석한 미국과 독일 제조업 비교 ····························· 57
<그림 Ⅱ-23> 중국 핵심 산업정책의 구조 ················································· 58
<그림 Ⅱ-24> CPS 기반 지능형 스마트팩토리 설계 및 운영 ··················· 61
<그림 Ⅱ-25> 규슈지역의 4차 산업혁명 전개를 위한 토대 구축 시책의 연계··· 65
<그림 Ⅱ-26> 규슈지역 4차 산업혁명의 추진기반으로서의 실증 랩 ········ 68
<그림 Ⅱ-27> 규슈지역 커리큘럼 개발 및 실시 이미지 ····························· 73
<그림 Ⅱ-28> 싱가포르 스마트 네이션 추진체계 ········································ 77
<그림 Ⅱ-29> 싱가포르 스마트 네이션 5대 프로젝트 로드맵 ··················· 78
<그림 Ⅱ-30> 버추얼 싱가포르 활용 사례 ··················································· 79
<그림 Ⅱ-31> 조로자우레 개발 로드맵 ························································· 81
<그림 Ⅱ-32> ｢beta 2｣ 빌딩에 입주 예정인 기관들 ·································· 82
<그림 Ⅱ-33> 우버의 기업가치 ······································································ 84
<그림 Ⅲ-1> 부산지역 전산업 대비 비중 및 전국비중 추이 ····················· 87
<그림 Ⅲ-2> 서울, 경기, 대전 제외한 부산이 1~2위인 업종(종합) ········ 129
<그림 Ⅲ-3> 2016년 기준 자율주행차 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ······ 132
<그림 Ⅲ-4> 2016년 기준 로봇 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ················· 133
<그림 Ⅲ-5> 2016년 기준 인공지능 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ········· 134
<그림 Ⅲ-6> 2016년 기준 빅데이터 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ······· 136
<그림 Ⅲ-7> 2016년 기준 사물인터넷 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ······ 137
<그림 Ⅲ-8> 2016년 기준 모바일 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ··········· 138
<그림 Ⅲ-9> 2016년 기준 가상현실 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ········· 140
<그림 Ⅲ-10> 2016년 기준 블록체인 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ······· 141
<그림 Ⅲ-11> 2016년 기준 핀테크 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ··········· 142
<그림 Ⅲ-12> 2016년 기준 드론 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ··············· 144
<그림 Ⅲ-13> 2016년 기준 3D 프린팅 관련 사업체, 종사자 특화도 ···· 145
<그림 Ⅲ-14> 2016년 기준 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 사업체, 종사자 특화도·· 146
<그림 Ⅲ-15> 부산 4차 산업혁명 모태산업의 업종별 LQ지수(2016) ···· 147
<그림 Ⅲ-16> 서울, 경기, 대전 제외한 부산의 LQ지수가 1~5위인 업종(종합) ··· 148
<그림 Ⅳ-1> 4차 산업혁명에 대한 인식 여부 ··········································· 157
<그림 Ⅳ-2> 향후 4차 산업혁명이 응답사에 미칠 영향 여부 ················· 158
<그림 Ⅳ-3> 4차 산업혁명으로 인한 응답사의 전반적인 인력 수요 전망 ···· 159
<그림 Ⅳ-4> 4차 산업혁명의 영향으로 인력수요가 증가 예상되는 직업유형··· 160
<그림 Ⅳ-5> 4차 산업혁명의 영향으로 인력수요가 감소 예상되는 직업유형··· 161
<그림 Ⅳ-6> 4차 산업혁명이 본격적으로 영향을 미칠 예상 시기 ········· 162
<그림 Ⅳ-7> 4차 산업혁명에 대비하여 응답사의 전반적인 준비도 ········ 163
<그림 Ⅳ-8> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 업종별 경쟁력 수준 비교 ···· 167
<그림 Ⅳ-9> 4차 산업혁명의 핵심기술들의 [중요도] 및 [시급도] 평가 ···· 168
<그림 Ⅳ-10> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 혁신주체의 중요성 변화 ···· 169
<그림 Ⅳ-11> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 거래 관계의 중요성 변화 ··· 170
<그림 Ⅳ-12> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 시장 여건의 중요성 변화 ··· 171
<그림 Ⅳ-13> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 혁신 여건의 중요성 변화 ··· 172
<그림 Ⅳ-14> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 입지 여건의 중요성 변화 ··· 173
<그림 Ⅳ-15> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 제도 및 문화 여건의 중요성 변화·· 174
<그림 Ⅳ-16> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 부산 산업생태계의 [수익성] 진단·· 175
<그림 Ⅳ-17> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 부산 산업생태계의 [생존성] 진단·· 176
<그림 Ⅳ-18> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 부산 산업생태계의 [창조성] 진단·· 176
<그림 Ⅳ-19> 4차 산업혁명 전‧후(현재‧미래) 부산 산업생태계의 건강성 진단(종합) ·· 177
<그림 Ⅳ-20> 부산지역 산업 생태계의 전반적인 발달 수준 ··················· 178
<그림 Ⅳ-21> 부산지역 산업 생태계의 발달 수준이 낮은 이유 ············· 178
<그림 Ⅳ-22> 산업생태계 경쟁력 요인별 전반적인 중요도와 만족도 평가(높음) ··· 179
<그림 Ⅳ-23> 산업생태계 경쟁력 요인별 전반적인 중요도와 만족도 평가(5점척도) ··· 180
<그림 Ⅳ-24> 4차 산업혁명 대비 부산 산업생태계의 건강성 개선 방향 ··· 183
<그림 Ⅴ-1> 4차 산업혁명 시대 혁신주체의 변화 전망 ·························· 186
<그림 Ⅴ-2> 4차 산업혁명 시대 거래관계의 중요도 변화 ······················· 186
<그림 Ⅴ-3> 4차 산업혁명 시대 혁신 여건의 중요도 변화 ····················· 187
<그림 Ⅴ-4> 부산지역 제조혁신의 현재 ····················································· 191
<그림 Ⅴ-5> 부산 제조혁신 비전 및 추진전략 ·········································· 194
<그림 Ⅴ-6> 부산지역 제조혁신 클러스터 활성화 전략 ··························· 197
<그림 Ⅴ-7> 부산 서비스산업 육성 전략 도출 ·········································· 200
<그림 Ⅴ-8> 부산 서비스산업 육성 비전과 전략 ······································ 200
<그림 Ⅴ-9> 부산형 서비스 R&D 추진전략 ··············································· 202
<그림 Ⅴ-10> 서비스R&D 연구센터 비전과 추진과제 ······························ 203
<그림 Ⅴ-11> 제조분야 가치사슬 변화 ······················································· 204
<그림 Ⅴ-12> 서비스 개발 프로세스별 주요 R&D활동 ···························· 205
<그림 Ⅴ-13> 부산지역 4차 산업혁명관련 신산업 육성 유망 후보군(안) ····· 207
