제1장 서 론·················································································1
1. 연구 배경 및 목적································································· 1
2. 연구 범위 및 방법································································· 2
1) 연구 범위··········································································· 2
2) 연구 방법··········································································· 3
3. 연구의 주요 내용··································································· 4
제2장 부산지역 청년 현황·······················································5
1. 부산 청년 인구 현황····························································· 5
2. 부산 청년 경제 현황····························································· 9
1) 경제활동참가인구 및 실업자 현황································· 9
2) 취업애로 요인································································· 12
3) 근로여건 만족도(임금근로자) ········································ 13
4) 현 생활수준 만족도 및 5년 후 생활수준의 기대······ 14
3. 부산 청년 사회문화 현황···················································· 15
1) 주거 분야········································································· 15
2) 여가생활··········································································· 16
3) 심리상태··········································································· 17
4) 부산시 향후 거주 의사·················································· 18
4. 시사점···················································································· 19
제3장 부산지역 청년종합실태조사 결과·····························23
1. 조사 개요·············································································· 23
1) 조사 목적········································································· 23
2) 조사 설계········································································· 23
3) 표본 할당 및 응답자 특성············································ 25
2. 조사 결과·············································································· 29
1) 경제활동 상태 및 일자리 현황(경험) ··························· 29
2) 아르바이트 고용 환경···················································· 33
3) 자영업자 현황································································· 34
4) 진로계획··········································································· 35
5) 청년 어젠다(안건, 의제) ················································ 45
6) 금융(소득, 부채, 지출 현황) ········································· 47
7) 문화/여가(교류활동 포함) ·············································· 52
8) 주거·················································································· 58
9) 삶의 질/건강··································································· 64
10) 부산시 청년정책 체감도·············································· 68
3. 시사점···················································································· 79
제4장 부산지역 청년대상 FGI조사 결과······························83
1. 추진 개요·············································································· 83
2. 그룹별 FGI 조사 결과 내용요약········································ 84
1) 청년 정책전문가 그룹···················································· 84
2) 청년 거버넌스 활동가 그룹··········································· 95
3) 청년 문화/창업지원 참여경험 그룹··························· 105
4) 청년 금융지원 참여경험 그룹····································· 119
3. 시사점·················································································· 132
제5장 결론 및 정책 제언·····················································137
1. 결론····················································································· 137
1) 청년정책 기반 개선 및 사회참여 분야······················ 137
2) 일자리 분야··································································· 138
3) 진로계획 분야······························································· 139
4) 주거생활 분야······························································· 140
5) 소득/채무 등 금융 분야·············································· 141
6) 삶의 질/건강 분야······················································· 142
7) 문화/여가 분야····························································· 143
2. 정책 제언············································································ 144
참고문헌 ··················································································145
부록 ···························································································151
1. 취업자용 설문지································································· 152
2. 비취업자용 설문지····························································· 171
3. 청년종합실태조사관련 타 시도 사례······························· 190
1) 전주 청년보고서(2016) ················································ 190
2) 전라북도 청년종합실태조사(2017) ······························ 192
3) 경기도 청년정책 기본계획(2017) ······························· 194
4) 청년도시 광주 청년정책 기본계획(2017~2021) ········ 196
5) 제주 청년 종합실태조사 및 기본계획(2017) ············ 197
4. 샘플 할당을 위한 기초 통계 자료·································· 199
5. 응답자 특성별 실태조사 결과·········································· 200
1) 응답자 특성··································································· 200
2) 경제활동 상태 및 일자리 현황(경험) ························· 201
3) 아르바이트 고용 환경·················································· 209
4) 자영업자 현황······························································· 210
5) 진로계획········································································· 212
6) 청년 어젠다··································································· 217
7) 금융(소득, 부채, 지출 현황) ······································· 221
8) 문화/여가(교류활동 포함) ············································ 224
9) 주거················································································ 230
10) 삶의 질/건강······························································· 236
11) 부산시 청년정책 체감도············································ 240
6. 청년 그룹별 FGI 조사 세부 내용 ·································· 247
1) 청년 정책전문가 그룹·················································· 247
2) 청년 거버넌스 활동가 그룹········································ 276
3) 청년 문화/창업지원 참여경험 그룹··························· 292
4) 청년 금융지원 참여경험 그룹····································· 314
7. 부산시 주요 청년정책······················································· 332
1) 취업 분야······································································· 332
2) 창업 분야······································································· 334
3) 주거 분야······································································· 334
4) 생활안정 분야······························································· 335
5) 문화 분야······································································· 336
6) 총괄 분야······································································· 338
8. 분야별 청년정책 어젠다··················································· 339
1) 청년정책 기반 개선 및 사회참여······························· 339
2) 일자리············································································ 350
3) 진로계획········································································· 359
4) 주거생활········································································· 371
5) 소득/채무 등 금융······················································· 383
6) 삶의 질/ 건강······························································· 396
7) 문화/여가······································································· 405
<표 Ⅰ-1> 청년의 연령대 ···························································· 2
<표 Ⅱ-1> 7대도시 청년인구 현황(2018. 5) ······························ 5
<표 Ⅱ-2> 부산지역 청년 인구 현황··········································· 6
<표 Ⅱ-3> 부산 자치구별 청년인구 현황(2018. 5) ··················· 7
<표 Ⅱ-4> 전국 및 7대 도시 인구이동 현황(2017) ·················· 8
<표 Ⅱ-5> 경제활동인구, 경활률 및 고용률 추이(전국-부산) ·· 10
<표 Ⅱ-6> 실업자 및 실업률 추이(전국-부산) ························· 11
<표 Ⅱ-7> 취업애로 요인(2017) ················································ 12
<표 Ⅱ-8> 근로여건 만족도(2017) ············································· 13
<표 Ⅱ-9> 현 생활수준 만족도 및 5년 후 생활수준 기대(2014) 15
<표 Ⅱ-10> 부산 청년 주거 현황·············································· 16
<표 Ⅱ-11> 부산 여가활동 만족도(2017) ································· 16
<표 Ⅱ-12> 여가생활 불만족 이유(2017) ································· 17
<표 Ⅱ-13> 청년 심리상태(2017) ·············································· 18
<표 Ⅱ-14> 부산시 향후 거주 의사(2017) ······························· 18
<표 Ⅲ-1> 통계청 통계자료에 따른 샘플 배분(안) ················· 25
<표 Ⅲ-2> 지역・성・연령별 할당표(전체) ······························· 26
<표 Ⅲ-3> 취업자의 지역・성・연령별 할당표························ 26
<표 Ⅲ-4> 비취업자의 지역・성・연령별 할당표···················· 27
<표 Ⅲ-5> 혼인 상태, 자녀 유무, 주 생계부양자 현황·········· 28
<표 Ⅲ-6> 최종학력, 부산거주기간, 개인 월평균 소득·········· 29
<표 Ⅲ-7> [취업자] 1년 이내에 현재 일자리를 그만 둘 의향·· 35
<표 Ⅲ-8> [취업자] (퇴직 의향자만) 퇴직 후 계획별 의향··· 35
<표 Ⅲ-9> 창업하려는 이유(다중응답) ······································ 41
<표 Ⅲ-10> 창업 준비기간 (월) ················································· 41
<표 Ⅲ-11> 창업 준비에 필요한 비용 (만원) ·························· 42
<표 Ⅲ-12> 창업 준비 비용에 대한 부담 정도······················· 42
<표 Ⅲ-13> 직업교육훈련에 드는 비용에 대한 부담 정도···· 43
<표 Ⅲ-14> 부산의 청년정책별 인지/경험 있다, 도움 정도·· 68
<표 Ⅲ-15> 청년 디딤돌카드 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도·· 69
<표 Ⅲ-16> 머물자리론 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도····· 70
<표 Ⅲ-17> 부산일자리정보망/일자리종합센터 부문 인지/경험
여부, 도움 정도····················································· 71
<표 Ⅲ-18> 청년희망적금 2400 부문 인지/경험여부, 도움 정도·· 71
<표 Ⅲ-19> 청년 희망날개통장 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도·· 72
<표 Ⅲ-20> 청년부비론 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도····· 73
<표 Ⅲ-21> 청년건강지킴이 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도·· 73
<표 Ⅲ-22> 드림옷장 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도········· 74
<표 Ⅲ-23> 부산청춘드림카 부문 인지/경험 여부, 도움 정도·· 75
<표 Ⅲ-24> 드림아파트/행복주택부문인지/경험여부, 도움정도·· 75
<표 Ⅲ-25> 부산시 제공 청년 프로그램의 활용 여부············ 76
<표 Ⅲ-26> (활용하지 않는 응답자만) 활용하지 않는 이유·· 76
<표 Ⅲ-27> 부산시정책영역별부산청년입장에서의만족도[전체] ·· 77
<표 Ⅳ-1> FGI 그룹 유형 및 조사 참여자 특성····················· 84
<표 Ⅴ-1> 분야별 청년정책 어젠다 목록······························· 144
<부록 표-1> 전주 청년보고서(2016)의 실태조사 항목········· 191
<부록 표-2> 전라북도 청년종합실태조사(2017)의 조사 항목·· 193
<부록 표-3> 전북 청년들의 정책선호도(1순위) ····················· 194
<부록 표-4> 경기도 청년정책 기본계획(2017) 실태조사 항목·· 195
<부록 표-5> 부산지역 성별, 연령별 청년 인구 현황··········· 199
<부록 표-6> 부산지역 권역별 청년 인구 현황····················· 199
<부록 표-7> 부산지역 청년층 취업자수 현황······················· 199
<부록 표-8> 응답자 특성························································· 200
<부록 표-9> (비취업자만) 현재 경제활동 상태····················· 201
<부록 표-10> (비취업자만) (지난 1년 이내 구직 경험 없는 경우)
구직활동 하지 않는 이유 ································· 201
<부록 표-11> 생애 최초 일자리관련 실태····························· 202
<부록 표-12> 현재(최근) 일자리에서 종사자 지위··············· 202
<부록 표-13> 4대 보험 부문 가입 여부································ 203
<부록 표-14> 현재(최근) 일자리 직종···································· 204
<부록 표-15> 현재(최근) 일자리 업종···································· 204
<부록 표-16> 현재(최근) 일자리의 사업체 형태··················· 205
<부록 표-17> 일자리(사업체)의 종사자수······························ 205
<부록 표-18> 현재(최근) 일자리를 선택한 기준··················· 206
<부록 표-19> 현재(최근) 일자리에 대한 항목별 평가········· 206
<부록 표-20> 구직/취업 준비 기간 동안 겪는 어려움········ 207
<부록 표-21> 취업 정보 주 취득 경로·································· 207
<부록 표-22> 일자리 지원 정책이 가장 필요한 청년의 유형·· 208
<부록 표-23> 청년에게 가장 필요한 고용 및 일자리 관련 정책·· 208
<부록 표-24> 아르바이트를 하면서 부당하다고 느꼈던 대우(다중
응답) ····································································· 209
< 표-25> (부당 대우 경험자만) 부당한 대우를 받았을 때 취
한 조치 ······························································· 209
<부록 표-26> [비취업자] 최근 1년 내 창업 혹은 자영업 경험·· 210
<부록 표-27> 창업 혹은 자영업 종사 동기··························· 210
<부록 표-28> 창업과정에서 가장 큰 애로사항(다중응답) ···· 211
<부록 표-29> 창업 후 경영상의 가장 큰 애로사항·············· 211
<부록 표-30> 취업/이직을 결정할 때 가장 중요한 기준···· 212
<부록 표-31> 취업/이직을 원하는 곳···································· 212
<부록 표-32> 취업/이직 준비기간(월) ··································· 213
<부록 표-33> 취업/이직 준비에 필요한 비용(만원) ············· 213
<부록 표-34> 취업/이직 준비 비용에 대한 부담 정도········ 213
<부록 표-35> 향후 중소기업에 취업할 의향························· 213
<부록 표-36> (비의향자만) 중소기업 취업을 원하지 않는 가장 큰
이유 ······································································ 214
<부록 표-37> 사회적 경제 분야(사회적 기업, 협동조합 등)에서
일하고 싶은 의향 ·············································· 214
<부록 표-38> 향후 창업 의향················································· 215
<부록 표-39> 향후 직업교육훈련 의향·································· 215
<부록 표-40> 부산에서 일하고 싶은 의향····························· 215
<부록 표-41> (부산 희망자만) 부산에서 일하고 싶은 이유(다중응
답) ········································································ 216
<부록 표-42> (부산 비희망자만) 부산에서 일하고 싶지 않은 이유
(다중응답) ··························································· 216
<부록 표-43> 현재 일상생활에서 청년으로서 가장 불편함을 느끼
는 문제 ································································ 217
<부록 표-44> 부산시가 가장 관심을 가져야 할 청년 문제 (1순위
비교) ···································································· 217
<부록 표-45> 부산시가 가장 관심을 가져야 할 청년 문제 (다중응
답 - 비교) ·························································· 218
<부록 표-46> ‘일자리’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항············· 218
<부록 표-47> ‘금융/부채’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항······· 219
<부록 표-48> ‘진로계획’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항········· 219
<부록 표-49> ‘문화’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항················· 220
<부록 표-50> ‘주거’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항················· 220
<부록 표-51> ‘삶의 질/건강’ 분야에서 가장 큰 애로사항·· 220
<부록 표-52> 월 소득, 지출 및 잔여소득(만원) ··················· 221
<부록 표-53> 가장 주된 소득의 수입원································ 222
<부록 표-54> 월 지출액 중에서 지출 비중이 높은 소비 항목(다중
응답) ···································································· 222
<부록 표-55> 부채(대출, 카드 연체 포함) 여부··················· 223
<부록 표-56> (부채 있는 경우) 부채금액······························ 223
<부록 표-57> (부채 있는 경우) 부채의 가장 큰 원인 (다중응답
- 비교) ······························································ 223
<부록 표-58> (부채 있는 경우) 최대 대출기관····················· 223
<부록 표-59> 부산 청년에게 가장 필요한 금융 정책·········· 224
<부록 표-60> 하루 평균 핸드폰 사용시간····························· 224
<부록 표-61> 단말기 비용 제외한 순수 월 통신비용(만원) ·· 225
<부록 표-62> 선호하는 문화/여가생활(다중응답) ················· 225
<부록 표-63> 하루 평균 취미/여가시간(시간) ······················ 226
<부록 표-64> 월평균 문화/여가생활 지출 비용··················· 226
<부록 표-65> 문화/여가생활 만족도······································ 226
<부록 표-66> (불만족 응답자만) 문화/여가생활 만족도가 떨어지
는 이유 ································································ 227
<부록 표-67> 문화 정보 취득 경로········································ 227
<부록 표-68> 평소 교류하는 사람·········································· 228
<부록 표-69> 평소 정기적으로 참석하는 모임의 수············ 228
<부록 표-70> 평소 정기적으로 참석하는 모임····················· 229
<부록 표-71> 평소 힘든 일이 있을 때 상담하는 사람(다중응답) ·· 229
<부록 표-72> 여가・문화활동을 즐기려는 청년에게 가장 필요한
정책 ····································································· 230
<부록 표-73> 부모님과의 독립 주거 여부····························· 230
<부록 표-74> 거주지 소유 형태·············································· 230
<부록 표-75> 거주지 유형······················································· 231
<부록 표-76> [주거비용(만원)] 전/월세보증금, 월세, 월관리비·· 231
<부록 표-77> 주거비용 조달 방법·········································· 232
<부록 표-78> 주거비에 대한 부담 정도································ 232
<부록 표-79> 현재 주거지의 넓이·········································· 232
<부록 표-80> 주거생활 만족을 위해 필요한 주거지의 넓이·· 233
<부록 표-81> 주거생활과 관련하여 겪는 가장 큰 어려움·· 234
<부록 표-82> 현재 거주하고 있는 주택의 정보 취득 경로·· 234
<부록 표-83> 공동주거 경험 및 향후 의향··························· 235
<부록 표-84> 공동주거의 단점················································ 235
<부록 표-85> 부산청년에게가장필요하다고생각하는주거정책·· 236
<부록 표-86> 부산에서 청년으로서의 삶의 질 수준 평가·· 236
<부록 표-87> 부산에서 청년으로서의 건강 수준················· 237
<부록 표-88> 삶의 질을 높이기 위해 지원이 필요한 분야·· 237
<부록 표-89> 여유 돈과 시간이 생길 경우 쓰고 싶은 분야·· 238
<부록 표-90> 결혼에 대한 생각·············································· 238
<부록 표-91> (부정응답자만) 결혼을하지않으려는가장큰이유·· 239
<부록 표-92> 연애, 결혼, 출산을 포기 않고 미래를 꿈꿀 수 있는
최소한의 월 소득(만원) ····································· 239
<부록 표-93> 부산청년에게가장필요한삶의질/건강관련정책·· 239
<부록 표-94> 부산의 청년정책별 인지 여부 (안다 비율(%)만) ·· 240
<부록 표-95> 부산 청년 정책별 인지 여부(응답자 특성 비교) ·· 241
<부록 표-96> 부산시에서 제공하는 청년들을 위한 프로그램을 활
용 여부 ································································ 242
<부록 표-97> (활용하지 않는 응답자만) 활용하지 않는 이유·· 242
<부록 표-98> 부산의청년정책별경험여부(경험있다비율(%) 만) ·· 242
<부록 표-99> 부산 청년 정책별 경험 여부(응답자 특성 비교) ·· 243
<부록 표-100> 부산의 청년정책별 예상되는 도움 정도 [전체] ·· 244
<부록 표-101> 부산 청년정책별 예상되는 도움 정도(응답자 특성
비교) ·································································· 245
<부록 표-102> 부산시 정책영역별 부산 청년 입장에서의 만족도
(응답자 특성 비교) ········································· 245
<부록 표-103> 부산시의 청년정책 정보 취득 경로············· 246
<부록 표-104> 부산시가 청년정책에서 가장 주력해야 할 것·· 246
<부록 표-105> 청년기본조례를 제정한 지방정부 행정조직 설치
비교 ·································································· 342
<부록 표-106> 진로장벽의 종류와 특성································ 363
<부록 표-107> 청년 건강검진 사례 비교(전주-부산) ··········· 405
<그림 Ⅱ-1> 부산 자치구별 청년 인구 비율(2018. 5) ············· 7
<그림 Ⅱ-2> 부산 청년의 연령대별 장래인구 추계·················· 9
<그림 Ⅱ-3> 청년 경제활동참가율 및 고용률 추이(전국-부산) ·· 11
<그림 Ⅱ-4> 전체 및 청년 실업률 추이(전국-부산) ··············· 12
<그림 Ⅲ-1> 조사유형 구분 기준·············································· 24
<그림 Ⅲ-2> 현재 일자리의 직종 및 종사업체 규모·············· 30
<그림 Ⅲ-3> 현재(최근) 일자리에서 4대 보험 가입 여부······ 31
<그림 Ⅲ-4> 현재(최근) 일자리에 대한 만족도 평가············· 32
<그림 Ⅲ-5> 구직/취업과정 애로 및 취업정보 취득 경로···· 32
<그림 Ⅲ-6> [취업자 중퇴직의향자만] 그만 두려는 가장큰 이유·· 36
<그림 Ⅲ-7> 향후 취업/이직 의향 및 예상 시점··················· 37
<그림 Ⅲ-8> 취업/이직 결정 기준 및 희망 대상··················· 37
<그림 Ⅲ-9> 취업/이직 준비기간 및 소요비용······················· 38
<그림 Ⅲ-10> 향후 중소기업 취업 의향 / 취업 않으려는 이유·· 39
<그림 Ⅲ-11> 사회적 경제 분야(사회적 기업, 협동조합 등)에서
일하고 싶은 의향 <2분류> ································ 40
<그림 Ⅲ-12> 향후 창업 의향 및 예상 시점··························· 40
<그림 Ⅲ-13> 향후 직업교육훈련 의향 및 예상 시점············ 43
<그림 Ⅲ-14> 부산에서 일하고 싶은 의향 및 그 이유·········· 44
<그림 Ⅲ-15> 청년 애로 분야 및 정책적 관심 분야·············· 45
<그림 Ⅲ-16> 월 평균 소득, 지출, 잔여소득 및 주 수입원·· 48
<그림 Ⅲ-17> 월 지출액 중에서 지출 비중이 높은 소비 항목(다중
응답) ······································································· 49
<그림 Ⅲ-18> 부채 보유 여부 및 부채 금액··························· 49
<그림 Ⅲ-19> 부채 원인 및 최대 대출기관····························· 50
<그림 Ⅲ-20> 부산 청년에게 가장 필요한 금융 정책············ 51
<그림 Ⅲ-21> 하루 평균 핸드폰 사용시간 및 월 통신비용·· 52
<그림 Ⅲ-22> 선호하는 문화/여가생활(다중응답) ················· 53
<그림 Ⅲ-23> 월평균 문화/여가생활 지출 비용····················· 54
<그림 Ⅲ-24> 문화/여가생활 만족도 및 만족도가 떨어지는 이유·· 55
<그림 Ⅲ-25> 문화 정보 취득 경로·········································· 55
<그림 Ⅲ-26> 평소 교류하는 사람과 정기 모임 수················ 56
<그림 Ⅲ-27> 정기 모임의 목적 및 주 상담자······················· 57
<그림 Ⅲ-28> 여가・문화활동을 즐기려는 청년에게 가장 필요한
정책 ······································································· 58
<그림 Ⅲ-29> 부모와의 동거 여부 및 거주지 소유 형태······ 59
<그림 Ⅲ-30> 주거비용 조달 방법 및 부담 정도··················· 60
<그림 Ⅲ-31> 현 거주지 면적과 주거만족을 위한 필요 면적 61
<그림 Ⅲ-32> 공동주거 경험/향후 의사 및 단점··················· 62
<그림 Ⅲ-33> 부산 청년에게 가장 필요하다고 생각하는 주거 정
책 ··········································································· 63
<그림 Ⅲ-34> 부산에서 청년으로서의 삶의 질/건강 수준···· 64
<그림 Ⅲ-35> 삶의 질을 높이기 위해 지원이 필요한 분야·· 65
<그림 Ⅲ-36> 결혼 의사 및 결혼 하지 않으려는 이유 ········ 66
<그림 Ⅲ-37> 부산청년에게 가장 필요한삶의 질/건강관련정책·· 67
<그림 Ⅲ-38> 부산시의 청년정책 정보 취득 경로·················· 78
<그림 Ⅲ-39> 부산시가 청년정책에서 가장 주력해야 할 것· 79
<부록 그림-1> 전주 청년 우선 지원정책······························· 192
<부록 그림-2> 경기도 청년 정책 선호도(1순위) ··················· 196
<부록 그림-3> 광주 청년 정책 우선 순위····························· 197
<부록 그림-4> 제주 청년 정책 주력 분야 ··························· 198
