Ⅰ. 연구의 개요
1. 연구의 배경 ························································································ 3
2. 연구의 목적 ························································································ 4
3. 연구의 범주 ························································································ 4
4. 연구의 방법 ························································································ 6
5. 연구의 주요 내용 ··············································································· 6
Ⅱ. 부산시 해양사고 현황 분석
1. 부산의 해양과 해양사고 ·································································· 11
1) 부산의 해양환경 ··············································································· 11
2) 해양재난의 분류 ··············································································· 12
3) 해양사고의 종류 ··············································································· 13
4) 해양사고의 원인 ··············································································· 15
2. 해양사고 통계적 분석 ······································································ 16
1) 자연 재난 ····························································································16
2) 인적 재난 ··························································································· 20
3. 해양사고 사례적 분석 ······································································ 27
1) 여객선 남영호 사고 ·········································································· 27
2) 낚시어선 등대5호와 레저보토 대흥호 충돌사고 ························· 29
3) 어선 제3천연호·요트 챌린저호 충돌사건 ····································· 31
4) 어선 제11 진흥호 화재사건 ···························································· 34
5) 유조선 제15경주호·화물선 1진명호 충돌사고 ····························· 36
Ⅲ. 해양활동별 위험요인 조사 분석 위험도사고 현황 분석
1. 해양활동의 가치와 특성 분석 ·························································· 42
1) 해양활동의 가치 ················································································ 42
2) 해양활동의 특성 ················································································ 44
2. 해양활동 위험 요소 분석 ·································································· 48
1) 입출항로 위험요소 조사 ··································································· 48
2) 급유선박에 의한 위험요소 조사 ······················································ 51
3) 정박지 위험요소 조사 ······································································· 52
4) 항로표지 위험요소 조사 ··································································· 58
5) 관제위험요소 조사 ············································································ 58
6) 도선 위험요소 조사 ··········································································· 60
7) 접안시설 위험요소 조사 ··································································· 61
8) 해양오염 발생 위험 ··········································································· 62
9) 기타 항만 운영 관련 위험요소 분석 ··············································· 68
3. 수산 활동 위험 요소 분석 ································································· 68
1) 어선의 노후화로 인한 사고 잠재성 높음 ········································ 68
2) 낚시 어선의 부실한 안전 관리 ························································· 72
3) 부산시 어업권 주변해역 위험요소 분석 ········································· 73
4) 부산시 어항 항로의 적합성 여부 및 항행위험물 식별 ················· 75
5) 부산시 주요 어항 위험요인 분석 ····················································· 79
4. 해양관광레저 활동 위험요소 분석 ··················································· 80
1) 해수욕활동 위험요소 분석 ································································ 80
2) 수상레저 활동 위험요소 분석 ··························································· 82
3) 조개잡이 등 활동 위험요소 분석 ····················································· 84
5. 해상여객수송 활동 위험요소 분석 ··················································· 85
1) 유람선 관광 활동 위험요소 분석 ····················································· 86
2) 국제 해상여객수송 위험요소 분석 ·················································· 94
Ⅳ. 부산시 해양안전관리 현황 및 과제분석
1. 해양사고 위기관리 시스템 분석 ························································· 99
1) 일반 사항 ······························································································· 99
2) 위기유형 및 경보 ················································································ 100
3) 위기관리 기본방향 ·············································································· 102
4) 위기관리 활동 ······················································································ 105
2. 부산시 재난안전관리 현황 분석 ························································ 110
1) 부산시 재난안전관리 조직의 기능 및 역할 ····································· 110
2) 부산시 내 구·군 재난안전관리 조직의 기능 및 역할 ····················· 130
3) 부산시 재난안전관리 조직의 문제점 ················································ 150
3. 부산시 해양안전관리 업무와 역할 ···················································· 154
1) 부산시(광역지방자치단체) 해양안전관리 관련 주요법률 ············ 154
2) 해양안전관리 주요법률에 따른 부산시 업무와 역할 ····················· 155
3) 부산시(군수·구청장) 해양안전관리 관련 주요법률 ······················· 160
4) 해양안전관리 주요법률에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장) 업무와 역할
······················································································································ 161
4. 부산시 해양안전관리 조직 현황 ························································ 168
1) 해양안전관리 부산광역시 조직 ························································· 168
2) 해양안전관리 구·군 조직 ···································································· 171
3) 해양안전관리 민간 및 기타 조직 ······················································ 179
5. 해양안전관리 과제 및 대응 방안 ······················································ 188
1) 부산시민 해양안전의식 제고 및 안전문화 구축 ···························· 188
2) 유도선, 여객선 공공성 강화 ····························································· 191
3) 해양안전 자원봉사 참여문화 강화 ·················································· 193
4) 해상 위험·유해물질(HNS :Hazard Noxious Substances) 안전관리 시
스템 구축 ·································································································· 195
5) 해양다중 이용시설 안전도 향상 ······················································ 197
6) 어선 선박사고 예방활동 강화 ·························································· 199
7) 부산시 해양재난 대응 시스템 구축 ················································· 201
Ⅴ. 부산시 해양안전관리 시스템 설계
1. 부산시 해양안전관리 시스템 일반사항 ·········································· 205
1) 목적과 필요성 ···················································································· 205
2) 관련 법규 ···························································································· 207
3) 적용 범위 ···························································································· 207
4) 조직 구성 ···························································································· 208
2. 부산시 해양안전시스템 예방활동 ··················································· 209
1) 일반 사항 ···························································································· 209
2) 부산시 해양사고 예방 조직 ····························································· 210
3) 부산시(광역지방자치단체장)의 세부 활동내용 ··························· 211
4) 부산시(군수·구청장)의 세부 활동내용 ·········································· 215
3. 부산시 해양안전시스템 대비활동 ·················································· 220
1) 일반 사항 ··························································································· 220
2) 부산시 해양사고 대비조직 ······························································ 221
3) 부산시(광역지방자치단체장)의 세부 활동내용 ·························· 221
4) 부산시(군수·구청장)의 세부 활동내용 ········································· 224
4. 부산시 해양안전시스템 대응활동 ·················································· 226
1) 일반 사항 ··························································································· 226
2) 부산시 해양사고 대응조직 ······························································ 226
3) 부산시(광역지방자치단체장)의 세부 활동내용 ·························· 227
4) 부산시(군수·구청장)의 세부 활동내용 ········································· 228
5. 부산시 해양안전시스템 복구활동 ·················································· 231
1) 일반 사항 ··························································································· 231
2) 부산시 해양사고 복구조직 ····························································· 232
3) 부산시(광역지방자치단체장)의 세부 활동내용 ·························· 233
4) 부산시(군수·구청장)의 세부 활동내용 ········································· 234
Ⅵ. 결론
1. 부산시 해양사고 분석 결과 요약 ··················································· 237
2. 부산시 해양활동 위험요인 분석 결과 요약 ·································· 238
3. 부산시 해양안전관리 현황과 과제 요약 ······································· 240
4. 부산시 해양안전관리 시스템 설계 요약 ······································· 241
5. 추후 연구 과제 ·················································································· 241
Abstract 246
참고문헌 248
부록 251
<표 Ⅱ-1> 해양사고의 종류와 정의 14
<표 Ⅱ-2> 부산지역 영향을 미친 태풍(2009~2013년) 16
<표 Ⅱ-3> 풍수해로 인한 부산 해양 피해액 통계 19
<표 Ⅱ-4> 부산 선적 선박 총톤수 및 선종별 척수 21
<표 Ⅱ-5> 전국 지역별 해양오염 건수 및 유출량(2009~2013) 24
<표 Ⅱ-6> 부산지역 해수욕장 규모 및 시설 25
<표 Ⅱ-7> 부산지역 해수욕장 년도별 이용객수(2009~2013 부산통계연보) 26
<표 Ⅲ-1> 산업 활동별 사망자 비교 45
<표 Ⅲ-2> 사고 발생건수 53
<표 Ⅲ-3> 남외항 대기 정박지에서 발생한 해양사고 개요 55
<표 Ⅲ-4> 부산항 입출항선박 척수(*: 2014년 05월까지 집계) 63
<표 Ⅲ-5> 최근 10년간 해역별 해양오염 사고 발생 현황 63
<표 Ⅲ-6> HNS 종류와 주요 운송수단 65
<표 Ⅲ-7> 부산 위험유해물질의 운송 종류 66
<표 Ⅲ-8> 부산해역 HNS 취약성 분석 67
<표 Ⅲ-9> 부산시 등록 어선 선박크기 현황 69
<표 Ⅲ-10> 부산시 등록 어선 선박크기 현황 70
<표 Ⅲ-11> 어선 조업형태 및 선령별 척수 현황 71
<표 Ⅲ-12> 노후연근해어선평균 선령 72
<표 Ⅲ-13> 부산시 어업권 현황 74
<표 Ⅲ-14> 부산시 어항시설 현황 75
<표 Ⅲ-15> 부산 요트 등록 현황(2014년 6월 기준) 82
<표 Ⅲ-16> 부산 수상레저기구 등록 현황(2014년 6월 기준) 82
<표 Ⅲ-17> 부산항 연안크루즈 선 현황(1척) 86
<표 Ⅲ-18> 부산출발 연안여객선 현황(2척) 87
<표 Ⅲ-19> 부산출발 연안여객선 여객 및 화물 수송실적 87
<표 Ⅲ-20> 해운대 관광 유람선 현황 89
<표 Ⅲ-21> 해운대(오륙도) 관광 유람선 현황 89
<표 Ⅲ-22> 태종대 관광 유람선 현황 91
<표 Ⅲ-23> 부산 출발 국제여객선 현황 95
<표 Ⅲ-24> 부산 출발 국제여객선 여객 및 화물수송 실적 95
<표 Ⅳ-1> 위기경보 수준의 판단 기준 101
<표 Ⅳ-2> 단계별 근무체제 113
<표 Ⅳ-3> 부산시 재난안전대책본부 실무반 편성 및 업무 114
<표 Ⅳ-4> 부산 소방서별 관련 업무와 119안전센터 분포 127
<표 Ⅳ-5> 구군별 재난담당부서 130
<표 Ⅳ-6> 광역지방자치단체 적용 해양안전관리 관련 주요법률 154
<표 Ⅳ-7> 재난 및 안전관리 기본법에 따른 광역지방자치단체장의 업무와 역할 155
<표 Ⅳ-8> 선박안전법, 도선법, 해양사고의 조사 및 심판에 관한 법률, 개항질서법, 해사안전법에 따른 광역지방자치단체장의 업무와 역할 157
<표 Ⅳ-9> 연안관리법, 해양환경관리법에 따른 광역지방자치단체장의 업무와 역할 158
<표 Ⅳ-10> 수산업법, 어장관리법, 어선법에 따른 광역지방자치단체장의 업무와 역할 158
<표 Ⅳ-11> 수상레저안전법, 낚시 관리 및 육성법에 따른 광역지방자치단체장의 업무와 역할 159
<표 Ⅳ-12> 군수·구청장 적용 해양안전관리 관련 주요법률 160
<표 Ⅳ-13> 재난 및 안전관리 기본법에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장)의 업무와 역할 161
<표 Ⅳ-14> 선박안전법, 해사안전법, 해양사고의 조사 및 심판에 관한 법률, 유선 및 도선사업법에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장)의 업무와 역할 164
<표 Ⅳ-15> 연안관리법, 해양환경관리법, 연안사고 예방에 관한 법률에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장)의 업무와 역할 164
<표 Ⅳ-16> 수산업법, 어장관리법, 어선법에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장)의 업무와 역할 166
<표 Ⅳ-17> 수상레저안전법, 낚시 관리 및 육성법, 관광진흥법, 해수욕장 이용 및 관리에 관한법률(’14. 12월 시행예정)에 따른 부산시(군수·구청장)의 업무와 역할 166
<표 Ⅳ-18> 부산재난안전네트워크 회원사 현황 182
<그림 Ⅰ-1> 연구 범위 해역 5
<그림 Ⅰ-2> 연구 흐름도 6
<그림 Ⅱ-1> 해양재난의 분류 13
<그림 Ⅱ-2> 해양사고 원인구조 15
<그림 Ⅱ-3> 선박사고 유형별 비율 22
<그림 Ⅱ-4> 부산해역 선박사고 유형 지도 23
<그림 Ⅱ-5> 충돌 상황도 29
<그림 Ⅱ-6> 충돌 상황도 33
<그림 Ⅲ-1> 부산항 항계 범위 41
<그림 Ⅲ-2> 부산항 접근해역 항로 횡단선박 현황 48
<그림 Ⅲ-3> 감천항 부근해역 항로 횡단선박 현황 49
<그림 Ⅲ-4> 소형선박의 무질서한 통항 현황 49
<그림 Ⅲ-5> 풍피항 시 가덕수로 통항선박 현황 50
<그림 Ⅲ-6> 부산북항 선박교차수역 현황 51
<그림 Ⅲ-7> 최근 5년간 발생한 부산항 부근 해양사고 발생 지점 54
<그림 Ⅲ-8> 남외항 정박지의 주묘에 의한 좌초 및 충돌 위험 상황도 57
<그림 Ⅲ-9> 부산신항 관제구역의 확대 현황 59
<그림 Ⅲ-10> 부산항 VHF 맹목구간 사례 60
<그림 Ⅲ-11> 도선사 승선선 통항을 위한 자력도선선의 정선 상황 61
<그림 Ⅲ-12> 5물양장 부근의 무질서한 정박선박 현황 62
<그림 Ⅲ-13> 최근 5년간 발생한 해양사고 위치도 64
<그림 Ⅲ-14> 최근 3년간 부산항 화물처리 실적(1%미만 화물종류 생략) 67
<그림 Ⅲ-15> 부산 천성항 전경 76
<그림 Ⅲ-16> 부산 다대포항 전경 77
<그림 Ⅲ-17> 부산 대변항 조감도 78
<그림 Ⅲ-18> 부산 해수욕장 장면 81
<그림 Ⅲ-19> 조개잡이 모습 85
<그림 Ⅲ-20> 해운대(오륙도) 관광 유람선 운항코스 90
<그림 Ⅲ-21> 태종대-생도 해역에서 유람선과 급유선과의 조우 상황 91
<그림 Ⅲ-22> 해운대(오륙도) 관광 유람선 운항코스 92
<그림 Ⅲ-23> 유람선 선착장에 대한 불만사항 사례 93
<그림 Ⅲ-24> 부산의 유람선 선착장 94
<그림 Ⅳ-1> 위기관리 종합체계도 104
<그림 Ⅳ-2> 부산시 조직도 및 재난안전 관리 담당 조직 111
<그림 Ⅳ-3> 부산시 재난안전대책본부 조직도 114
<그림 Ⅳ-4> 부산 남항 위치도 129
<그림 Ⅳ-5> 기장군 재난안전 홈페이지의 모습 134
<그림 Ⅳ-6> 남부민2동 자율방재단의 활동모습 180
<그림 Ⅳ-7> 다대2동 주민자치회의 정화활동 모습 180
<그림 Ⅳ-8> 동삼2동 바다정화활동 모습 181
<그림 Ⅳ-9> 부산광역시 항만소방서 의용소방대 조직도 183
<그림 Ⅳ-10> ‘해양안전 의식 조사’ 주요 결과 189
<그림 Ⅳ-11> ‘해양안전 의식 조사’ 중 해양안전의식 높이기 위한 방안 결과 190
<그림 Ⅳ-12> 부산지역 인구대비 자원봉사자 등록/활동 현황 194
<그림 Ⅳ-13> 부산지역 주요 해양다중시설 분포 198
<그림 Ⅴ-1> 부산시 해양안전관리 시스템과 국가 해양위기관리 시스템의 비교 206
<그림 Ⅴ-2> 부산시와 부산시 구·군의 해양안전시스템 개념 208
<그림 Ⅴ-3> 부산광역시 해양재난 안전대책본부 조직도 209
<그림 Ⅴ-4> 부산시 해양안전시스템 예방활동 개요도 210
<그림 Ⅴ-5> 부산시 해양사고 예방 조직 211
<그림 Ⅴ-6> 부산시 해양안전시스템 대비활동 개요도 220
<그림 Ⅴ-7> 부산시 해양사고 대비 조직 221
<그림 Ⅴ-8> 부산시 해양안전시스템 대응활동 개요도 226
<그림 Ⅴ-9> 부산시 해양사고 대응 조직 227
<그림 Ⅴ-10> 부산시 해양안전시스템 복구활동 개요도 232