Ⅰ. 서 론
1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ·····························································3
2. 연구 내용 ················································································5
3. 연구 방법 ················································································6
1) 자료조사 ·················································································6
2) 문헌조사 ·················································································6
3) 설문조사 ·················································································6
Ⅱ. 우리나라의 국립공원 제도
1. 우리나라의 국립공원 제도 ···················································9
1) 국립공원의 설립과정과 정책 ···············································9
2) 국립공원 현황 ······································································13
3) 국립공원의 지정 기준 및 절차············································17
2. 국립공원의 가치 및 경제적 파급효과································18
3. 무등산 국립공원의 지정사례···············································22
1) 무등산 국립공원의 개요·······················································22
2) 무등산 국립공원의 현황·······················································23
3) 무등산 국립공원 지정에 관한 지역주민의 의견···············25
Ⅲ. 금정산 현황
1. 사회인문 환경········································································35
1) 위치 및 입지 여건 ································································35
2) 역사 및 유래···········································································45
3) 인구 ························································································55
4) 토지이용·················································································56
5) 토지피복·················································································57
6) 공원녹지 현황········································································58
7) 법적 규제 지역·······································································59
2. 자연환경 ·················································································60
1) 기후 ·························································································60
2) 지질 ·························································································61
3) 지형, 경사도, 경사향·····························································62
4) 지세 ·························································································65
5) 산림현황··················································································65
6) 비오톱 현황·············································································69
7) 생태계 현황·············································································70
Ⅳ. 국립공원 지정 타당성
1. 국립공원 타당성 분석····························································75
1) 자연생태계··············································································75
2) 자연경관··················································································78
3) 문화경관··················································································92
4) 위치 및 이용편의 ································································100
5) 지형보존 ···············································································100
2. 기존 국립공원과의 비교 ·····················································102
1) 자연생태계 ···········································································102
2) 자연경관 ···············································································103
3) 문화경관 ···············································································104
4) 지형보존 ···············································································106
5) 위치 및 이용 편의 ·······························································107
Ⅴ. 결론 및 정책제언
1. 결론 ·························································································111
1) 금정산 국립공원 지정 타당성 ·············································111
2) 금정산 국립공원 지정의 필요성··········································112
3) 금정산 국립공원 지정의 당위성··········································114
2. 정책 제언 ················································································118
1) 금정산 국립공원 지정을 위한 장기적인 전략 마련··········118
2) 공원 자원에 대한 조사와 발굴 필요····································118
3) 공원자원에 대한 보전과 복원 사업 실시····························119
4) 공원계획에 대한 대안 마련···················································119
5) 지역주민을 위한 대책 마련···················································120
6) 지역주민, 시민, 시민단체, 사찰, 관련기관과의 협조 및 합의 도출····121
참고문헌
부 록
<표 Ⅱ-1> 우리나라 국립공원 현황 14
<표 Ⅱ-2> IUCN의 보호지역 카테고리 유형 16
<표 Ⅱ-3> 자연공원의 지정 기준 17
<표 Ⅱ-4> 국립공원의 지정권자 및 절차 18
<표 Ⅱ-5> 우리나라 14개 산림형 국립공원의 경제적 가치 19
<표 Ⅱ-6> 우리나라 14개 산림형 국립공원의 경제적 파급효과 20
<표 Ⅱ-7> 우리나라 14개 산림형 국립공원의 연도별 탐방객수 21
<표 Ⅱ-8> 무등산 국립공원의 용도지구 현황 24
<표 Ⅱ-9> 설문조사 방법 26
<표 Ⅱ-10> 설문 응답자의 사회 통계적 특성 27
<표 Ⅱ-11> 국립공원 지정에 관한 의견 29
<표 Ⅱ-12> 무등산의 국립공원 지정으로 인한 부정적인 영향에 대한 주민 의견 48
<표 Ⅱ-13> 금정산 국립공원 지정 시 인근 지역 지역주민들이 고려해야 할 사항에 대한 무등산 국립공원 인근 주민들의 의견 49
<표 Ⅲ-1> 금정산 구역의 주변 인구 현황 55
<표 Ⅲ-2> 금정산 50km 이내 주요도시 인구 현황 55
<표 Ⅲ-3> 금정산의 해발고에 따른 연평균온도, 한랭지수 및 온난지수 61
<표 Ⅳ-1> 금정산 생태계 현황 관련 참조 자료 목록 75
<표 Ⅳ-2> 금정산에 출현한 식물종 현황 76
<표 Ⅳ-3> 금정산에 출현한 포유류 80
<표 Ⅳ-4> 금정산의 조류 특이종 현황 81
<표 Ⅳ-5> 금정산의 조류 81
<표 Ⅳ-6> 금정산의 양서류 85
<표 Ⅳ-7> 금정산의 파충류 86
<표 Ⅳ-8> 금정산의 어류 86
<표 Ⅳ-9> 금정산의 기암/괴석 목록 88
<표 Ⅳ-10> 금정산에 소재하고 있는 국가지정 문화재 95
<표 Ⅳ-11> 금정산에 소재하고 있는 시도지정 문화재 95
<표 Ⅳ-12> 금정산 인근의 무형문화재 98
<표 Ⅳ-13> 금정산의 토지규제 현황 101
<표 Ⅳ-14> 국립공원 자연 생태계 현황 비교 102
<표 Ⅳ-15> 국립공원 자연 경관 현황 비교 104
<표 Ⅳ-16> 국립공원 문화 경관 현황 비교 105
<표 Ⅳ-17> 국립공원 지형보존 현황 비교 106
<표 Ⅳ-18> 7대 특별·광역시 주변에 위치한 산림형 국립공원 현황 107
<표 Ⅳ-19> 국립공원 탐방객 현황 108
<그림 Ⅱ-1> 우리나라 자연공원의 변천과정 10
<그림 Ⅱ-2> 제 1차 자연공원기본계획의 목표 11
<그림 Ⅱ-3> 제 2차 자연공원기본계획(2013~2022)의 목표 12
<그림 Ⅱ-4> 우리나라 자연공원 지정 현황 13
<그림 Ⅱ-5> 무등산 국립공원의 용도지구 24
<그림 Ⅱ-6> 무등산에 대한 국립공원 지정에 관한 지역주민 선호도
(무등산 국립공원 지정 이전) 28
<그림 Ⅱ-7> 무등산에 대한 국립공원 지정에 관한 지역주민 선호도
(무등산 국립공원 지정 이후) 29
<그림 Ⅱ-8> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역주민의 주거생활 여건변화에 대한 의견 30
<그림 Ⅱ-9> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역의 교통 여건변화에 대한 지역주민 의견 31
<그림 Ⅱ-10> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역의 주택 신축 여건변화에 대한 지역주민 의견 32
<그림 Ⅱ-11> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산지역 방문객 증가에 대한 지역주민 의견 33
<그림 Ⅱ-12> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 관광시설 건설 여건변화에 대한 지역주민 의견 34
<그림 Ⅱ-13> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 관광 인프라 개발 여건변화에 대한 지역주민 의견 35
<그림 Ⅱ-14> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역 소득 증대에 관한 지역주민 의견 36
<그림 Ⅱ-15> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역의 일자리 증대에 대한 지역주민 의견 37
<그림 Ⅱ-16> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역의 부동산 거래 활성화에 대한 지역주민 의견 38
<그림 Ⅱ-17> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 지역의 부동산 거래 가격상승에 대한 지역주민 의견 38
<그림 Ⅱ-18> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산 이용의 쾌적성에 관한 지역주민의 의견 40
<그림 Ⅱ-19> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산 이용의 안전성에 관한 지역주민의 의견 41
<그림 Ⅱ-20> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산 이용의 접근성에 관한 지역주민의 의견 41
<그림 Ⅱ-21> 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산의 생태계 보전에 관한 지역주민의 의견 42
<그림 Ⅱ-22> 무등산 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산의 상업성에 관한 지역주민의 의견 42
<그림 Ⅱ-23> 무등산 국립공원 지정으로 인한 무등산의 이용 및 개발성에 관한 지역주민의 의견 43
<그림 Ⅱ-24> 무등산 국립공원 지정이후 편의시설 설치 및 관리에 관한 지역주민의 의견 44
<그림 Ⅱ-25> 무등산 국립공원 지정이후 안내시설 설치 및 관리에 관한 지역주민의 의견 45
<그림 Ⅱ-26> 무등산 국립공원 지정이후 등산시설 설치 및 관리에 관한 지역주민의 의견 45
<그림 Ⅱ-27> 무등산 국립공원 지정이후 자연생태계 관리에 관한 지역주민의 의견 46
<그림 Ⅱ-28> 국립공원 지정이후 무등산 국립공원의 공원프로그램 운영에 관한 지역주민의 의견 47
<그림 Ⅲ-1> 금정산의 행정구역 현황 53
<그림 Ⅲ-2> 금정산의 토지이용 현황 56
<그림 Ⅲ-3> 금정산의 토지피복 현황 57
<그림 Ⅲ-4> 금정산의 공원 녹지 현황 58
<그림 Ⅲ-5> 금정산의 법적 규제 지역 현황 59
<그림 Ⅲ-6> 금정산의 해발고도 분포 62
<그림 Ⅲ-7> 금정산의 경사도 분포 63
<그림 Ⅲ-8> 금정산의 경사향 분포 64
<그림 Ⅲ-9> 금정산 산림의 임상 분포 66
<그림 Ⅲ-10> 금정산 수목의 경급 분포 67
<그림 Ⅲ-11> 금정산 수목의 영급 분포 68
<그림 Ⅲ-12> 금정산의 비오톱 유형 분포 69
<그림 Ⅲ-13> 금정산의 생태자연도 현황 70
<그림 Ⅲ-14> 금정산의 잠재식생도 현황 71
<그림 Ⅲ-15> 금정산의 인간간섭도 현황 72
<그림 Ⅳ-1> 금정산 북문주위 산지 중간습원의 전경(좌상)과 굴참나무사람주나무 군락 78
<그림 Ⅳ-2> 금정산의 기암괴석 그림 및 사진(일련번호 01~08) 89
<그림 Ⅳ-3> 금정산의 기암괴석 그림 및 사진(일련번호 09~18) 90
<그림 Ⅳ-4> 금정산의 기암괴석 그림 및 사진(일련번호 19~23) 91
<그림 Ⅳ-5> 문화경관자원 분포도 99